Much of the previous and current biomass burning research has focused on wildland and/or wildfire sources for estimating both areal extent and emissions from fire. However, recent research has shown that anthropogenic fires, specifically crop residue and rangeland burning, are a consistent source of biomass burning globally. Quantifying the burning of croplands and rangelands creates a more complete scientific accounting of emissions impacting air quality for local populations, carbon sinks and sources, and greenhouse gas emissions. This talk will present satellite-based results of cropland burned area and related emissions in the contiguous United States and the Russian Federation. The quantification of rangeland burned area and emission calculations for the contiguous United States is also explored in relation to linking these results to the U.S. EPA National Emissions Inventory.